(09-24-2019, 05:48 AM)Eric the Green Wrote: ...the desire for justice and equal opportunity for all is caused by some other hormone condition than the fear of those who are different.
Actually, it is not, it's both oxytocin and vasopressin that (in excess) create instinctual desire for both flatter social hierarchy and xenophobia. If one is a "leftist/multiculturalist", then excess amount of these hormones causes one to hate the xenophobic groups of people. This two-sided dynamic was an element in the US Civil War (not to be debated here how much), and it clearly is an element today in the left vs. right polarized political climate in most Western nations. It all depends on what group/team/nation/tribe/village/ you belong to. One has to also remember that this behavior is in no way unique to humans, as other animal species also discriminate on the basis of one's appearance, hence the black sheep metaphors, which also accounts for behavior. This is why in a 4th turning the social norms tighten and those are shunned who do not comply with the new norms.
Look at all the revolutions that have happened during the 4th turnings. A revolution is often driven by a hate towards someone who is seen an oppressor, be it a monarch or a democratically elected leader, which is why during a 4th turning, as the social hierarchy is flatter, these revolution and such often come about. As for UK/US, the Glorious revolution happened just as a 4th turning was about to begin (high oxytocin levels), and the American Revolutionary War and Civil War took place during 4th turnings. Chapter 3 shows that Europe has seen much of the same, as most major European revolutions have happened during the late 3rd turning or 4th turning. The generational hormone theory's hormone levels fits all of these events.
Generational hormone theory: https://jannemiettinen.fi/FourthTurning/