07-04-2020, 08:46 PM
*** 5-Jul-20 World View -- Gleeful China wins big Hong Kong victory at UN Human Rights Council
This morning's key headlines from GenerationalDynamics.com
****
**** Gleeful China wins big Hong Kong victory at UN Human Rights Council
****
![[Image: g200704b.jpg]](http://Media.GenerationalDynamics.com/ww2010/g200704b.jpg)
World map showing countries defending or criticizing China's human rights record (Axios)
Communist China's state media are claiming a major victory in the
United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHCR) when 53 countries
supported China's human rights record in Hong Kong, and only 27
members opposed it.
The United Kingdom called for the vote to condemn China's human rights
record in Hong Kong, after Chinese Communist Party (CCP) implemented a
new Hong Kong Security Law that imposes harsh restrictions on freedom.
For example, a person can be arrested and jailed for 5 years to life
for merely criticizing a CCP policy or action.
The CCP action violates the commitment that China made to Britain
in a 1984 agreement that was registered with the UN. The commitment
was that after Britain handed its Hong Kong colony over the China in 1997,
China would guarantee a high degree of freedom and autonomy in
Hong Kong for 50 years, until 2047.
For many years, the US, UK and other Western nations have ignored or
overlooked human rights violations in China. However, the violations
have become extrement egregious since the rise of dictator Xi Jinping.
The CCP has also committed many other human rights violations,
including arresting, torturing and enslaving millions of Muslim
Uighurs in East Turkestan (Xinjiang province), as well as arresting
and torturing Buddhists in Tibet and Christians anywhere who simply
pray to Jesus. The CCP thugs claim that they're the Master Race and
all the rest of us are barbarians, but every day the CCP proves that
we in the West are far superior, and the CCP thugs are barbarians with
an IQ of 50, with no capability other than to bluster and kill.
And we have to mention that the CCP apes are so stupid that they
didn't stop the Wuhan Coronavirus when they could have, but instead
let it spread, and then purposely seeded the virus into dozens of
other countries, something they continue to believe is a victory for
China.
So the CCP media is quite gleeful about their victory in the
UNHCR. According to the puppet media Global Times:
<QUOTE>"A total of 53 countries supported China's national
security law for Hong Kong at the 44th Session of the United
Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) in Geneva on Tuesday,
triumphing over 27 members that attacked and called for harsh
measures against China over issues involving Hong Kong, Xinjiang
and Tibet.
The landslide victory was seen by experts as showing that China's
achievements in human rights have won more supporters and become
known by wider audiences. The double standards of some Western
countries that tried to politicize the UNHRC and to use human
rights-related issues as weapons to attack China, brought
themselves more criticism within the international
community."<END QUOTE>
****
**** Rogue's gallery of international criminals support China
****
The people supporting China's human rights record form an interesting
rogue's gallery of countries, many with their own devastating human
rights record.
Some are brutal dictatorships that torture, jail and arrest political
opponents and journalists: Cuba, Cambodia, Cameroon, Egypt, Iran,
Venezuela, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Syria and others.
Some, like China, are currently committing genocide and ethnic
cleansing, or have done so recently: Myanmar (Burma), Syria,
Zimbabwe, Burundi, Cambodia, and others.
Belarus is the only European country supporting China.
The vast majority -- over 40 -- are part of China's Belt and Road
Infrastructure (BRI) project. China has been using "debt trap
diplomacy" on these projects and now, particularly in Africa, many
countries can no longer make their debt payments, thanks to Wuhan
Virus lockdowns and downturns. So these countries are at China's
mercy and they have no choice but to do as their Chinese puppetmasters
tell them.
The complete list of countries supporting China are:
China, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahrain, Belarus, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Comoros,
Congo-Brazzaville, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Iran, Iraq,
Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique,
Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan,
Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Somalia,
South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Togo,
UAE, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
****
**** Most Western countries condemn China's human rights record
****
Many countries did not vote at all. The United States did not
vote because it is no longer a member of the UNHCR, after withdrawing
in 2018 because the agency is too political -- which is pretty
obvious from this latest vote.
European countries voted overwhelmingly to support the condemnation of
China's human rights record. However, Spain, Italy and Poland
abstained, which analysts say shows that there is no coherent European
policy when it comes to China. That's no surprise.
Here's a list of the countries that voted to condemn China's
human rights policy:
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belize, Canada, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Iceland, Ireland, Germany, Japan, Latvia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Marshall Islands, Netherlands,
New Zealand, Norway, Palau, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland,
United Kingdom.
****
**** India's list of China's border disagreements
****
While we're making reference lists of countries that support or
condemn China's human rights policies, this is a good time to re-post
a list of China's border conflicts, according to Indian media.
On Friday, India's prime minister paid a surprise visit to
the troops in Ladakh, facing the Chinese troops on the other side
of the border. Modi gave a speech to the troops, including
the following:
<QUOTE>"Age of expansionism is over, now, is the age of
development. The policy of development is the foundation of
mankind and is the only policy relevant today. History has
witnessed that the expansionist policy has hurt humanity the
most. Expansionist policy has always threatened world
peace. History has witnessed that such forces have either lost or
were forced to turn back. This is what the world has experienced
so far and it has once again made up its mind against the policy
of expansion."<END QUOTE>
Modi didn't mention China, but it's obvious that's who he meant. In
response, the Hindustan Times posted the list of China's 21 border
conflicts. The following is the list:
<QUOTE>"China's 21 border disputes
Xi Jinping’s China has territorial disputes with 20 more
countries, not just India over Ladakh
President Donald Trump on Thursday waded right in the middle of
India’s dispute with China, asserting that Beijing’s aggressive
stance in Ladakh fits with the larger pattern of Chinese
aggression in other parts of the world. President Trump’s office
did not elaborate on China’s aggression elsewhere but is seen as a
clear reference to Beijing’s efforts to enlarge its position on
border disputes. US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo had recently
called it China’s “rogue attitude” as he announced the movement of
US supercarriers in the Indo Pacific region to counter China’s
aggressive posture.
According to Beijing watchers, China has traditionally suffered
from xenophobia against foreigners. The Middle Kingdom’s fears
were exacerbated in the past two centuries as a result of which
China believes that it is the only civilizational power in the
world and the rest are either tributary states or barbarians.
China has had territorial disputes with 21 neighbours including
India over its claims on land and sea. Here is a complete list of
its disputes.
Brunei
China claims the southern part of the Spratly Islands
chain. Brunei, on the other hand, claims part of South China Sea
nearest to it as part of its continental shelf and Exclusive
Economic Zone
Philippines
China and Philippines disagree over parts of the South China Sea
including the Spratly Islands. Philippines took the dispute to the
International Court of Justice where they won the case but the
Chinese side did not abide by the order of the ICJ. Tensions have
continued between the two countries despite economic incentives
offered by China.
Indonesia
China’s nine-dash line overlaps the Natuna Sea/Exclusive Economic
Zone of Indonesia leading to disputes. China claims fishing rights
in waters near the islands. Indonesia government argues that
China’s claims are not recognised under the 1982 United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea. Indonesia irked China in July
2017 when it renamed parts of the South China Sea as North Natuna
Sea to underscore its claim.
Malaysia
China’s dispute with Malaysia also revolves around parts of the
South China Sea, particularly the Spratly Islands. Its claims
cover only islands included in its Exclusive Economic Zone of 200
miles as defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the
Sea. Malaysia has a military presence on three such islands that
it considers to be part of the continental shelf.
Singapore
Singapore is not a claimant state in the South China Sea disputes
but is closely aligned to the United States and allows the
presence of US naval forces in Singaporean waters. It does not
want to antagonise China by openly taking sides though it does
advocate freedom of navigation and resolution of all disputes in
line with the UN Convention of Law of the Seas.
Laos
China claims large areas of Laos on historical precedent of
China’s Yuan Dynasty during 1271-1368
Cambodia
China has, on occasions, claimed part of the country on historical
precedent (China’s Ming dynasty 1368-1644)
Thailand
Thailand opposes China’s dredging on the Mekong River since 2001
for large ships to carry goods from its landlocked Yunnan province
to ports in Thailand, Laos and remaining southeast Asia. China has
also built hydropower dams on the main stream of the Mekong River,
altering the natural flood-drought cycle, affecting ecosystems as
well as economies of countries on the lower Mekong River.
The Thai Cabinet scrapped a Chinese-led dredging project in
February 2020 to blast rapids on the Mekong river. This had
already led to fall in water levels and fers that it would lead to
drought and affect 6 million people in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos,
Cambodia and Vietnam
Japan
Japan’s dispute with China centers around South China Sea,
particularly Senkaku Islands, Ryukyu Islands and the overlapping
Air Defence Identification Zone and Exclusive Economic Zone in the
East China Sea
Vietnam
Vietnam, which fought a bloody war with China in 1979 when Beijing
tried to teach its former ally a lesson, has stood its ground on
its territorial claims over parts of the South China Sea, and the
Macclesfield Bank, Paracel Islands and the Spratly Islands. Last
month, a Chinese ship rammed a Vietnamese fishing boat operating
in the Paracel Islands that was seen as an effort by Beijing to
flex muscles to enforce a unilateral fishing ban in parts of the
South China Sea against vessels from another nation.
India
China occupies 38,000 sq km Indian territory in the Aksai Chin
region apart from staking claim on Arunachal Pradesh and
Ladakh. It was this expansionist policy that led to the ongoing
standoff between the Indian Army and the Chinese PLA that
escalated into a violent scrap in Ladakh’s Galwan valley. Another
5,163 sq km of Shaksgam valley was illegally ceded by Pakistan to
China in 1963. Hence, the total Indian territory occupied by China
is over 43 ,000 sq km.
Nepal
Nepal and China have pending border issues over three boundary
pillars in Dolakha and two in the vicinity of Mt Everest. There
have, however, been reports that China has illegally occupied
strategic land at 12 places across Nepal. China has also claimed
part of Nepal dating back to the Sino-Nepalese war in 1788-1792,
claiming that some parts of Nepal are part of Tibet and therefore,
part of China.
Taiwan
China claims all of Taiwan but particular disputes are
Macclesfield Bank, Paracel Islands Scarborough Shoal, part of
South China Sea and the Spratly Islands. The Paracel Islands, also
called Xisha Islands in zvietnamese, is a group of islands in the
South China Sea whose sovereignty is disputed.
North Korea
The two countries have a continuing dispute over Mount Paektu and
Yalu and Tuman rivers. China has also claimed Baekhu Mountain and
Jiandao. Beijing has, on occasions, claimed all of North Korea on
historical grounds (Yuan Dynasty 1271-1368)
South Korea
South Korea and China have an overlapping Air Defence
Identification Zone and a continuing Exclusive Economic Zone
dispute over Leodo (Socotra Rock) in the East China Sea. China has
also, on occasions, claimed entire South Korea on historical
grounds (Yuan Dynasty 1271-1368)
Mongolia
China and Mongolia have settled their boundary dispute but China
has claimed all of Mongolia on historical precedent (Yuan Dynasty
1271-1368).
Bhutan
Bhutanese enclaves in Tibet, namely Cherkip, Gompa, Dho, Dungmar,
Gesur, Gezon, Itse Gompa, Khochar, Nyanri, Ringung, Sanmar,
Tarchen and Zuthulphuk. Bhutan has lost a substantial chunk of
area under dispute including the Kula Kangri peak to slow
encroachments by China. Beijing claims Kula Kangri and
mountainous areas to the west of this peak in addition to the
western Haa district of Bhutan.
Tajikistan
The two sides have a bilateral dispute dating back to 1884 when a
border demarcation agreement between the Qing Dynasty and Tsarist
Russia left large segments of the frontier in the
sparsely-populated eastern Pamirs without a clear definition.
The Chinese claims are based on historical precedent (Qing Dynasty
1644-1912).
In 1991, Tajikistan inherited from the Soviet Union three disputed
border segments constituting about 28,000 sq km which China and
the Soviet Union had been unable to resolve.
In 1999, Tajikistan and China signed a border demarcation
agreement defining the border in two of the three segments. Under
this deal, Tajikistan ceded about 200 sw km lands to China. In
2002, Tajikistan agreed to cede 1,122 sq km or about four percent
of the territory that Beijing had claimed. China has, in all,
settled for 3.5 per cent of the claimed territory.
Kazakhstan
China has laid claim to a territory in Kazakhstan stretching from
Semirechie to Lake Balkhash covering 34,000 sq km. In May 2020, a
Chinese website ‘Sohu.com’ published an article claiming that
Kazakhstan is located on territories that historically belong to
China.
China has settled for 22 per cent of its claim over Kazakh
territory. Despite a border demarcation treaty with China in 1994
and claim by Kazakh state media that the Kazakhstan government had
succeeded in retaining 56.9 percent of the disputed territory,
critics had opined that the remaining 43.1 per cent of the land
also belonged to Kazakhstan for which a new deal should be signed.
Kyrgyzstan
China lays claim to the whole of Kyrgyz territory. In May 2020,
Chinese website tutiao.com published an article on such a claim
and argued that under the Han Dynasty, the entire Kyrgyz territory
was part of the Chinese mainland before the Russian empire
captured it.
Chia has settled for 32 percent of its claim over Kyrgyz
territory. Under the 1999 agreement, Kyrgyzstan handed over 1,250
sq km to China.
Russia
Despite signing bilateral agreements in 1991 and 1994 to delimit
the estern and wester section of the Russia-China border, a few
sectors remain unresolved. There are 160,000 sq km still
unilaterally claimed by China despite signing several agreements.
In October 2004, the 4,300 sq border was finally demarcated in its
entirety, thus resolving a 300-year-old territorial dispute.
In 2005, the Russian Parliament ratified the agreement in 2008, a
part of the Abagaitu Islet, the entire Tarabarov Bolshoi Ussuriysk
Island and some adjacent river islets were handed over to
China."<END QUOTE>
So between the list of border conflicts and the list of countries
supporting China's human rights record, we have an indication of who
China's allies and enemies are, around the world.
John Xenakis is author of: "World View: War Between China and Japan:
Why America Must Be Prepared" (Generational Theory Book Series, Book
2), June 2019, Paperback: 331 pages, with over 200 source references,
$13.99 https://www.amazon.com/World-View-Betwee...732738637/
Sources:
Related Articles:
KEYS: Generational Dynamics, China, Hong Kong,
UN Human Rights Council, UNHCR, UNHRC,
United Kingdom, Uighurs, Xinjiang, Tibet,
Wuhan Coronavirus, India, Ladakh
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This morning's key headlines from GenerationalDynamics.com
- Gleeful China wins big Hong Kong victory at UN Human Rights Council
- Rogue's gallery of international criminals support China
- Most Western countries condemn China's human rights record
- India's list of China's border disagreements
****
**** Gleeful China wins big Hong Kong victory at UN Human Rights Council
****
World map showing countries defending or criticizing China's human rights record (Axios)
Communist China's state media are claiming a major victory in the
United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHCR) when 53 countries
supported China's human rights record in Hong Kong, and only 27
members opposed it.
The United Kingdom called for the vote to condemn China's human rights
record in Hong Kong, after Chinese Communist Party (CCP) implemented a
new Hong Kong Security Law that imposes harsh restrictions on freedom.
For example, a person can be arrested and jailed for 5 years to life
for merely criticizing a CCP policy or action.
The CCP action violates the commitment that China made to Britain
in a 1984 agreement that was registered with the UN. The commitment
was that after Britain handed its Hong Kong colony over the China in 1997,
China would guarantee a high degree of freedom and autonomy in
Hong Kong for 50 years, until 2047.
For many years, the US, UK and other Western nations have ignored or
overlooked human rights violations in China. However, the violations
have become extrement egregious since the rise of dictator Xi Jinping.
The CCP has also committed many other human rights violations,
including arresting, torturing and enslaving millions of Muslim
Uighurs in East Turkestan (Xinjiang province), as well as arresting
and torturing Buddhists in Tibet and Christians anywhere who simply
pray to Jesus. The CCP thugs claim that they're the Master Race and
all the rest of us are barbarians, but every day the CCP proves that
we in the West are far superior, and the CCP thugs are barbarians with
an IQ of 50, with no capability other than to bluster and kill.
And we have to mention that the CCP apes are so stupid that they
didn't stop the Wuhan Coronavirus when they could have, but instead
let it spread, and then purposely seeded the virus into dozens of
other countries, something they continue to believe is a victory for
China.
So the CCP media is quite gleeful about their victory in the
UNHCR. According to the puppet media Global Times:
<QUOTE>"A total of 53 countries supported China's national
security law for Hong Kong at the 44th Session of the United
Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) in Geneva on Tuesday,
triumphing over 27 members that attacked and called for harsh
measures against China over issues involving Hong Kong, Xinjiang
and Tibet.
The landslide victory was seen by experts as showing that China's
achievements in human rights have won more supporters and become
known by wider audiences. The double standards of some Western
countries that tried to politicize the UNHRC and to use human
rights-related issues as weapons to attack China, brought
themselves more criticism within the international
community."<END QUOTE>
****
**** Rogue's gallery of international criminals support China
****
The people supporting China's human rights record form an interesting
rogue's gallery of countries, many with their own devastating human
rights record.
Some are brutal dictatorships that torture, jail and arrest political
opponents and journalists: Cuba, Cambodia, Cameroon, Egypt, Iran,
Venezuela, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Syria and others.
Some, like China, are currently committing genocide and ethnic
cleansing, or have done so recently: Myanmar (Burma), Syria,
Zimbabwe, Burundi, Cambodia, and others.
Belarus is the only European country supporting China.
The vast majority -- over 40 -- are part of China's Belt and Road
Infrastructure (BRI) project. China has been using "debt trap
diplomacy" on these projects and now, particularly in Africa, many
countries can no longer make their debt payments, thanks to Wuhan
Virus lockdowns and downturns. So these countries are at China's
mercy and they have no choice but to do as their Chinese puppetmasters
tell them.
The complete list of countries supporting China are:
China, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahrain, Belarus, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Comoros,
Congo-Brazzaville, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Iran, Iraq,
Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique,
Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan,
Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Somalia,
South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Togo,
UAE, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
****
**** Most Western countries condemn China's human rights record
****
Many countries did not vote at all. The United States did not
vote because it is no longer a member of the UNHCR, after withdrawing
in 2018 because the agency is too political -- which is pretty
obvious from this latest vote.
European countries voted overwhelmingly to support the condemnation of
China's human rights record. However, Spain, Italy and Poland
abstained, which analysts say shows that there is no coherent European
policy when it comes to China. That's no surprise.
Here's a list of the countries that voted to condemn China's
human rights policy:
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belize, Canada, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Iceland, Ireland, Germany, Japan, Latvia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Marshall Islands, Netherlands,
New Zealand, Norway, Palau, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland,
United Kingdom.
****
**** India's list of China's border disagreements
****
While we're making reference lists of countries that support or
condemn China's human rights policies, this is a good time to re-post
a list of China's border conflicts, according to Indian media.
On Friday, India's prime minister paid a surprise visit to
the troops in Ladakh, facing the Chinese troops on the other side
of the border. Modi gave a speech to the troops, including
the following:
<QUOTE>"Age of expansionism is over, now, is the age of
development. The policy of development is the foundation of
mankind and is the only policy relevant today. History has
witnessed that the expansionist policy has hurt humanity the
most. Expansionist policy has always threatened world
peace. History has witnessed that such forces have either lost or
were forced to turn back. This is what the world has experienced
so far and it has once again made up its mind against the policy
of expansion."<END QUOTE>
Modi didn't mention China, but it's obvious that's who he meant. In
response, the Hindustan Times posted the list of China's 21 border
conflicts. The following is the list:
<QUOTE>"China's 21 border disputes
Xi Jinping’s China has territorial disputes with 20 more
countries, not just India over Ladakh
President Donald Trump on Thursday waded right in the middle of
India’s dispute with China, asserting that Beijing’s aggressive
stance in Ladakh fits with the larger pattern of Chinese
aggression in other parts of the world. President Trump’s office
did not elaborate on China’s aggression elsewhere but is seen as a
clear reference to Beijing’s efforts to enlarge its position on
border disputes. US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo had recently
called it China’s “rogue attitude” as he announced the movement of
US supercarriers in the Indo Pacific region to counter China’s
aggressive posture.
According to Beijing watchers, China has traditionally suffered
from xenophobia against foreigners. The Middle Kingdom’s fears
were exacerbated in the past two centuries as a result of which
China believes that it is the only civilizational power in the
world and the rest are either tributary states or barbarians.
China has had territorial disputes with 21 neighbours including
India over its claims on land and sea. Here is a complete list of
its disputes.
Brunei
China claims the southern part of the Spratly Islands
chain. Brunei, on the other hand, claims part of South China Sea
nearest to it as part of its continental shelf and Exclusive
Economic Zone
Philippines
China and Philippines disagree over parts of the South China Sea
including the Spratly Islands. Philippines took the dispute to the
International Court of Justice where they won the case but the
Chinese side did not abide by the order of the ICJ. Tensions have
continued between the two countries despite economic incentives
offered by China.
Indonesia
China’s nine-dash line overlaps the Natuna Sea/Exclusive Economic
Zone of Indonesia leading to disputes. China claims fishing rights
in waters near the islands. Indonesia government argues that
China’s claims are not recognised under the 1982 United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea. Indonesia irked China in July
2017 when it renamed parts of the South China Sea as North Natuna
Sea to underscore its claim.
Malaysia
China’s dispute with Malaysia also revolves around parts of the
South China Sea, particularly the Spratly Islands. Its claims
cover only islands included in its Exclusive Economic Zone of 200
miles as defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the
Sea. Malaysia has a military presence on three such islands that
it considers to be part of the continental shelf.
Singapore
Singapore is not a claimant state in the South China Sea disputes
but is closely aligned to the United States and allows the
presence of US naval forces in Singaporean waters. It does not
want to antagonise China by openly taking sides though it does
advocate freedom of navigation and resolution of all disputes in
line with the UN Convention of Law of the Seas.
Laos
China claims large areas of Laos on historical precedent of
China’s Yuan Dynasty during 1271-1368
Cambodia
China has, on occasions, claimed part of the country on historical
precedent (China’s Ming dynasty 1368-1644)
Thailand
Thailand opposes China’s dredging on the Mekong River since 2001
for large ships to carry goods from its landlocked Yunnan province
to ports in Thailand, Laos and remaining southeast Asia. China has
also built hydropower dams on the main stream of the Mekong River,
altering the natural flood-drought cycle, affecting ecosystems as
well as economies of countries on the lower Mekong River.
The Thai Cabinet scrapped a Chinese-led dredging project in
February 2020 to blast rapids on the Mekong river. This had
already led to fall in water levels and fers that it would lead to
drought and affect 6 million people in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos,
Cambodia and Vietnam
Japan
Japan’s dispute with China centers around South China Sea,
particularly Senkaku Islands, Ryukyu Islands and the overlapping
Air Defence Identification Zone and Exclusive Economic Zone in the
East China Sea
Vietnam
Vietnam, which fought a bloody war with China in 1979 when Beijing
tried to teach its former ally a lesson, has stood its ground on
its territorial claims over parts of the South China Sea, and the
Macclesfield Bank, Paracel Islands and the Spratly Islands. Last
month, a Chinese ship rammed a Vietnamese fishing boat operating
in the Paracel Islands that was seen as an effort by Beijing to
flex muscles to enforce a unilateral fishing ban in parts of the
South China Sea against vessels from another nation.
India
China occupies 38,000 sq km Indian territory in the Aksai Chin
region apart from staking claim on Arunachal Pradesh and
Ladakh. It was this expansionist policy that led to the ongoing
standoff between the Indian Army and the Chinese PLA that
escalated into a violent scrap in Ladakh’s Galwan valley. Another
5,163 sq km of Shaksgam valley was illegally ceded by Pakistan to
China in 1963. Hence, the total Indian territory occupied by China
is over 43 ,000 sq km.
Nepal
Nepal and China have pending border issues over three boundary
pillars in Dolakha and two in the vicinity of Mt Everest. There
have, however, been reports that China has illegally occupied
strategic land at 12 places across Nepal. China has also claimed
part of Nepal dating back to the Sino-Nepalese war in 1788-1792,
claiming that some parts of Nepal are part of Tibet and therefore,
part of China.
Taiwan
China claims all of Taiwan but particular disputes are
Macclesfield Bank, Paracel Islands Scarborough Shoal, part of
South China Sea and the Spratly Islands. The Paracel Islands, also
called Xisha Islands in zvietnamese, is a group of islands in the
South China Sea whose sovereignty is disputed.
North Korea
The two countries have a continuing dispute over Mount Paektu and
Yalu and Tuman rivers. China has also claimed Baekhu Mountain and
Jiandao. Beijing has, on occasions, claimed all of North Korea on
historical grounds (Yuan Dynasty 1271-1368)
South Korea
South Korea and China have an overlapping Air Defence
Identification Zone and a continuing Exclusive Economic Zone
dispute over Leodo (Socotra Rock) in the East China Sea. China has
also, on occasions, claimed entire South Korea on historical
grounds (Yuan Dynasty 1271-1368)
Mongolia
China and Mongolia have settled their boundary dispute but China
has claimed all of Mongolia on historical precedent (Yuan Dynasty
1271-1368).
Bhutan
Bhutanese enclaves in Tibet, namely Cherkip, Gompa, Dho, Dungmar,
Gesur, Gezon, Itse Gompa, Khochar, Nyanri, Ringung, Sanmar,
Tarchen and Zuthulphuk. Bhutan has lost a substantial chunk of
area under dispute including the Kula Kangri peak to slow
encroachments by China. Beijing claims Kula Kangri and
mountainous areas to the west of this peak in addition to the
western Haa district of Bhutan.
Tajikistan
The two sides have a bilateral dispute dating back to 1884 when a
border demarcation agreement between the Qing Dynasty and Tsarist
Russia left large segments of the frontier in the
sparsely-populated eastern Pamirs without a clear definition.
The Chinese claims are based on historical precedent (Qing Dynasty
1644-1912).
In 1991, Tajikistan inherited from the Soviet Union three disputed
border segments constituting about 28,000 sq km which China and
the Soviet Union had been unable to resolve.
In 1999, Tajikistan and China signed a border demarcation
agreement defining the border in two of the three segments. Under
this deal, Tajikistan ceded about 200 sw km lands to China. In
2002, Tajikistan agreed to cede 1,122 sq km or about four percent
of the territory that Beijing had claimed. China has, in all,
settled for 3.5 per cent of the claimed territory.
Kazakhstan
China has laid claim to a territory in Kazakhstan stretching from
Semirechie to Lake Balkhash covering 34,000 sq km. In May 2020, a
Chinese website ‘Sohu.com’ published an article claiming that
Kazakhstan is located on territories that historically belong to
China.
China has settled for 22 per cent of its claim over Kazakh
territory. Despite a border demarcation treaty with China in 1994
and claim by Kazakh state media that the Kazakhstan government had
succeeded in retaining 56.9 percent of the disputed territory,
critics had opined that the remaining 43.1 per cent of the land
also belonged to Kazakhstan for which a new deal should be signed.
Kyrgyzstan
China lays claim to the whole of Kyrgyz territory. In May 2020,
Chinese website tutiao.com published an article on such a claim
and argued that under the Han Dynasty, the entire Kyrgyz territory
was part of the Chinese mainland before the Russian empire
captured it.
Chia has settled for 32 percent of its claim over Kyrgyz
territory. Under the 1999 agreement, Kyrgyzstan handed over 1,250
sq km to China.
Russia
Despite signing bilateral agreements in 1991 and 1994 to delimit
the estern and wester section of the Russia-China border, a few
sectors remain unresolved. There are 160,000 sq km still
unilaterally claimed by China despite signing several agreements.
In October 2004, the 4,300 sq border was finally demarcated in its
entirety, thus resolving a 300-year-old territorial dispute.
In 2005, the Russian Parliament ratified the agreement in 2008, a
part of the Abagaitu Islet, the entire Tarabarov Bolshoi Ussuriysk
Island and some adjacent river islets were handed over to
China."<END QUOTE>
So between the list of border conflicts and the list of countries
supporting China's human rights record, we have an indication of who
China's allies and enemies are, around the world.
John Xenakis is author of: "World View: War Between China and Japan:
Why America Must Be Prepared" (Generational Theory Book Series, Book
2), June 2019, Paperback: 331 pages, with over 200 source references,
$13.99 https://www.amazon.com/World-View-Betwee...732738637/
Sources:
- Hong Kong / UNHCR / Landslide support for HK law at UNHRC (Global Times, Beijing, 1-Jul-2020)
- The 53 countries supporting China's crackdown on Hong Kong (Axios, 3-Jul-2020)
- China threat: Italy and Spain avoid criticising Beijing in Hong Kong vote 'Pretty damning' (Daily Express, London, 4-Jul-2020)
- Letters: China’s treatment of Hong Kong shows that it is not to be trusted (Daily Telegraph, London, 4-Jul-2020)
- India uses Hong Kong to land diplomatic punch on China (Times of India, 4-Jul-2020)
- China's 21 border disputes / Trump spotted a pattern in China’s standoff with India. Here are 21 reasons (Hindustan Times, 3-Jul-2020)
- Top 10 quotes from PM Modi’s address to soldiers of Indian Army in Ladakh (Hindustan Times, 3-Jul-2020)
Related Articles:
- China passes Hong Kong Security Law, arrests hundreds of peaceful protesters (02-Jul-2020)
- Both India and China reinforce armies in Ladakh, as China makes new claim (25-Jun-2020)
- Nationwide protests in India demand revenge against China (19-Jun-2020)
- Generational Theory: Is nuclear war with China inevitable? (17-May-2020)
KEYS: Generational Dynamics, China, Hong Kong,
UN Human Rights Council, UNHCR, UNHRC,
United Kingdom, Uighurs, Xinjiang, Tibet,
Wuhan Coronavirus, India, Ladakh
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