*** 16-Aug-19 World View -- US-China trade war seriously disrupts world trade
This morning's key headlines from
GenerationalDynamics.com
- US-China trade war seriously disrupts world trade
- Returning to 'Normal'
- Results of sanctions on Huawei Electronics
- Planning for the future in a chaotic world
- The broader picture
****
**** US-China trade war seriously disrupts world trade
****
Does selling capacitors to Huawei violate Trump's China trade sanctions?
Much of international trade is in chaos, because of the US-China trade
war, and especially because of US sanctions on Huawei Technologies and
other Chinese firms for security reasons. Many international firms
are going to take a revenue hits because they have to do less business
with China. Furthermore, they're unable to plan effectively for the
rest of 2019 and 2020 because President Donald Trump changes the
details of the US sanctions rules frequently. Trump has announced
two major changes in the last week alone -- delay of some tariffs,
and ending all business with Huawei.
Trump has received a great deal of support both domestically and
internationally for his US-China trade sanctions, because China has
repeatedly lied cheated in trade as a matter of course for decades.
Even Democratic party leader Chuck Shumer was counseling Trump to
"hang tough." Those supporting the sanctions say, "this has to be
done sometime, and if not now, then when?"
****
**** Returning to 'Normal'
****
However, almost everyone, particularly the Chinese, would like the
sanctions to end, so that things can return to "normal."
For the sanctions to end, there has to be a "trade deal," and so
there have been frequent predictions of a trade deal in the mainstream
media, many of which have proved to be wishful thinking.
The biggest example was the trade deal that was supposed to be signed
at the end of May. During negotiations, the Chinese made commitments
to resolve core complaints and write the changes into law -- theft of
U.S. intellectual property and trade secrets; forced technology
transfers; competition policy; access to financial services; and
currency manipulation. But at the beginning of May, China
reneged on every commitment, and demaneded that the agreement be
signed anyway.
This is a typical Chinese Communist Party (CCP) tactic -- agree to
concessions, renege on concessions, and demand that everyone else
honor their own commitments. This is the script that American
presidents have followed in negotiations with China and North Korea
for decades.
The CCP officials undoubtedly expected this to work again, believing
that Trump would be politically forced to sign anyway, being forced
to do so by Democrats in the US and by leftists internationally.
The CCP officials were apparently doubly shocked first because Trump
didn't follow that script, and second because he received support from
the Democrats and politicians worldwide. Trump vowed to raise tariffs
on $200 billion worth of Chinese goods from 10% to 25%, and threatened
to raise them even more if China reneged on its existing agreements.
As I've said many times in the past, North Korea will not give up it
nuclear missiles, no matter what Trump does, and China will not give
up stealing intellectual property and trade secrets, no matter what
Trump does. Trump knows that too.
Since May, there has been no progress on US-China trade talks.
Peter Navarro is President Trump's Director of Trade and Manufacturing
Policy. He's considered to be a "hardliner" on the China
negotiations. He appeared on television this week, and recited a list
of seven structural issues in China's economy that have to be resolved
by trade negotiations:
- Cyber intrusion into business networks
- Forced technology transfers in exchange for market access
- Intellectual property theft
- Dumping into our markets
- State owned enterprises which are heavily subsidized
- Currency manipulation
- Killing Americans with fentanyl.
These criminal activities are deeply embedded in China's culture,
which considers Americans to be barbarians, and so it's doubtful that
they could ever be resolved without a war.
Some reports indicate that the Chinese are hoping a new American
president to take office in 2020, and be more "reasonable." The
problem with that reasoning is that even a Democratic president
would be unable politically to simply approve of the Chinese
stealing intellectuarl property, forcing technology transfers,
and so forth.
In other words, there is no compromise that resolves this problem. We
can look to the North Korean talks for an analogy that we can learn
from. In that case, the Trump negotiations with Kim Jong-un produced
a "charm offensive" that postponed some North Korean tests, but Trump
did not end the sanctions, and North Korea did not end development of
nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles.
****
**** Results of sanctions on Huawei Electronics
****
The tariffs imposed by the Trump administration may have the
effect of raising prices, but no apparent consequences beyond
that. However, the sanctions on Huawei Technologies are having
a major geopolitical effect.
Of course, it's not just America that's block Huawei. Officials in
more and more countries are becoming convinced that Huawei is building
undetectable backdoors into their routers and other devices. These
backdoors could be activated by China's military using, for example, a
secret 1024-bit key, giving the military control of the device.
The US and a number of other Western countries have placed severe
restrictions on installations of Huawei 5G routers and other internet
equipment on networks in their countries. As a result, many countries
have restrictions on the purchase of Huawei equipment.
However, Trump's sanctions on Huawei have gone a lot farther,
and these sanctions are creating a chaotic situation for companies
trying to plan a strategy for the next year.
The problem is that China's government, through its Belt and Road
Initiative (BRI), is forcing as many goverments as they can to install
Huawei 5G networks. Since China's government is heavily subsidizing
Huawei, Huawei's devices are being widely installed in any countries
where they're permitted. This means that, in case of war, China's
military will be in control of networks in those countries.
The Trump administration has placed additional restrictions on Huawei
to slowdown the company's rapid takeover of portions of the internet.
The Trump administration is restricting sales of Huawei products to
American companies for security reasons. But the Trump administration
has gone further, and is also restricting sales of American-made
products to Huawei. The objective is to disrupt Hunwei's supply
chain, to slow their takeover of the internet as much as possible.
Components manufactured outside of the United States of course would
not be affected by the US ban. However, it's more complicated than
that, because components manufactured outside the US may still have
components or materials manufactured within the US. The US has
blocked Huawei from buying goods made from 25% or more of
U.S.-originated technologies or materials.
****
**** Planning for the future in a chaotic world
****
An example of the confusion many companies are facing is Kyoto, Japan,
based Murata Manufacturing. Murata supplies capacitors for Huawei-made
base towers and smartphones.
The capacitors made by Murata are heavily used in electronic circuits
to stabilize voltage and power flow. A smartphone may contain
hundreds of capacitors, while an electric vehicle like a Tesla uses
about 10,000.
It would seem that Murata's business with Huawei is completely outside
the reach of the US sanctions on Huawei. That's why, on May 23,
Murata's headquarters office in Kyoto, Japan, that "its business had
not been affected by the U.S. move."
However, this statement apparently caused something of a panic in the
Murata's North American division. On May 30, Murata Electronics,
North America (MENA), issued a very strong statement that contradicted
the corporate statement issued just a week earlier. This statement
said:
<QUOTE>"Murata Electronics, North America (MENA), must not
export, re-export or transfer (in country) any items (hardware,
software, technology) that are subject to the US Export
Administration Regulations to those who are listed in the Entity
List. Public domain information available on Murata's web site is
the only technical information available to these
companies. Direct sales to any of these Huawei business entities
or indirect sales known or suspected to be routed to the listed
Huawei entities is to immediately cease.
Communications between, or on behalf of, MENA and Huawei, or any
Huawei affiliated companies regardless if they are included in the
Entity list or not should immediately cease. This direction
includes communications such as meetings, email, phone, sample
support, product promotion, technology discussions, quotes, or any
other activity whether written or verbal.
Out of an abundance of caution, MENA is ceasing all sales and
communications with Huawei business entities regardless of whether
the Huawei business is on the Entity List or not.
MENA customer codes tied to Huawei affiliated companies will be
deactivated."<END QUOTE>
This is a pretty aggressive policy statement, issued on May 30, in
compliance with US requirements, on the part of the North American
branch of Murata. It appears to a reaction to the corporate
statement, to make it clear that MENA was complying with the
sanctions, even if corporate might or might not.
Since then, Murata's Japanese offices have apparently not made any
further public statements. Murata's June 30 quarterly financial
statement made only a vague reference to the issue:
<QUOTE>"In the global economic environment for the period
under review, a slowdown in the economy in China caused by the
trade friction with the U.S. was increasingly apparent. While
employment growth continued in the U.S., economic prospects
gradually worsened, and in Europe, political uncertainty coincided
with the weakening of the region's economy. The prolonged
U.S.-China trade friction is increasingly having an impact on the
global economy, causing growing uncertainty about its
future."<END QUOTE>
These are pretty clearly weasel words written by a lawyer, since they
supposedly state a policy while saying nothing.
But one can sympathize with the complexity of Murata's problems.
Murata has numerous plants, sales offices, and research facilities in
China, so it's not surprising that the company is unable to arrive at
a firm policy with respect to Huawei. According to research by
Goldman Sachs, Murata will lose $90 million in operating profit
because of the Huawei restrictions, and Japan's major electronic parts
manufacturers together will lose $230 million in profits.
As another example, Osaka-based Panasonic Corp. has had similar
confusion. On May 23, the company said that it was suspending
supplies of some components to Huawei, but issued a clarifying
statement on May 24 saying, "No transactions with Huawei have been
suspended at the moment. We are still making checks whether the ban
applies to our products."
Huawei reacted last year by preparing for a worst case scenario.
Huawei is diversifying its suppliers, and it's developing some of its
own components instead of depending on suppliers. Huawei told its
suppliers last year that it wanted to build up a 6-12 month inventory
of the most crucial components
****
**** The broader picture
****
Every company that does business with Huawei is likely to be confused
right now, if only because President Trump himself seems to change
policy regularly. On Friday of last week, Trump said that "it's
easier not to do business at all with Huawei," and he added, "We're
not going to do business with Huawei. That doesn't mean we won't
agree to something if and when we make a trade deal, but we're not
going to be doing business with Huawei."
Trump said that China was breaking its commitment to purchase more
American farm goods, and indicated that if China started fulfilling
that promise, then he would revisit the Huawei decision. For Murata,
Panasonic, or any other firm that sells components to Huawei, this
means that it must be ready to change policies at any time.
There's a broader picture here. In the 1980s, the US imposed
sanctions on Poland and South Africa, and they apparently played a
part in restoring democracy in both countries. I remember analysts at
the time describing how sanctions were a much better way to solve
problems than using military action. Today, many countries are
imposing sanctions, including the US, the EU, the UK, Japan, South
Korea, and others. It may be true that sanctions solve problems, but
only in a generational Awakening era. Today, in a generational Crisis
era, they have the opposite effect. Instead of acceding to demands
backed by sanctions, the targets impose counter-sanctions. There is
now a large global network of interlocking sanctions involving many
countries, and this is slowing growth and strengthening the hands of
hardliners in many countries and falling growth forecasts.
This international trade war is in context of a number of things that
are almost beyond belief in modern times:
- There are $16 trillion in government bonds globally with
negative yields. The US Treasuries are almost the only major government
bonds in the world that pay interest, although the interest rate
has been falling. In almost all other countries, if you lend the
government money by buying a government bond, then you have to
pay interest to the government to keep your money safe.
- The US stock markets are in a historically high super-bubble,
as measured by price/earnings valuations. The same is true for
other major stock markets.
- China's rate of growth has been falling for four quarters.
Worldwide economic growth has been slowing globally.
- The confrontation between Beijing and Hong Kong appears to
be certain to worsen.
- Criminal activities by China -- annexation of South China Sea,
ethnic cleansing and enslavement of Uighurs in East Turkistan
(Xinjiang), violence targeting Christians, Buddhists and Muslims --
are growing.
- The confrontation between India and Pakistan in Kashmir worsens
every day. On Thursday, there was gunfire across the Line of Control,
so this could explode any day.
There's a feeling these days that the world is headed for some kind of
tipping point. In particular, there is a good chance of a global
recession in the next few months, and that could trigger a chain
reaction of crises in any of the items in the above list.
So the correct analogy to what's happening today is not Poland and
South Korea in the 1980s.
One analogy is the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act which was passed by
Congress in 1930, during the Great Depression. it was particularly
devastating to Japan, as it cut off Japan's exports to America of
silk, its greatest cash crop. A year later, a desperate Japan invaded
Manchuria.
Another analogy today is 1941. Japan invaded China in 1937, and
launched the Sino-Japanese war. On August 1, 1941, US president
Franklin Roosevelt showed his displeasure by establishing an embargo
on oil and gasoline exports to Japan. Three months later, Japan
attacked Pearl Harbor.
You don't have to understand these analogies to know that the world is
an international pressure cooker today, a welter of tariffs,
sanctions, annexations, genocide, ethnic cleansing, border disputes,
and militarization. As I showed with numerous examples in my book,
world wars don't begin with cataclysmic events like the bombing of
Pearl Harbor. They begin with tiny conflicts that grow into
cataclysmic events over a period of months.
Those interested in understanding the history of China, Japan, Korea
and Russia should read my book, "World View: War Between China and
Japan: Why America Must Be Prepared" (Generational Theory Book Series,
Book 2) Paperback: 331 pages, with over 200 source references, $13.99
https://www.amazon.com/dp/1732738637/
Sources:
- Huawei's leading Japanese suppliers face $230m hit to profits (Nikkei, 14-Jun-2019)
- Exclusive: Huawei stockpiles 12 months of parts ahead of US ban (Nikkei, 17-May-2019)
- Huawei asks Japanese suppliers to ship more smartphone components -Nikkei (Reuters, 6-Mar-2019)
- Huawei boosts Japan parts orders, hedging US risks (Nikkei, 7-Mar-2019)
- The U.S. Stance on Huawei Escalates as they put 67 Huawei Affiliates on a Blacklist banning Access to U.S. Suppliers (PatentlyApple, 17-May-2019)
- Shortage of tiny capacitors creates big worries for tech, cable industries (S&P Global, 20-Aug-2018)
- Murata Quarterly financial statement (Murata, 30-Jun-2019)
- Panasonic to suspend supply of some parts to Huawei in wake of U.S. ban (Japan Times, 23-May-2019)
- Panasonic halts business with Huawei subject to US ban (Nikkei, 23-May-2019)
- Panasonic says has not stopped supplies to Huawei, still investigating (Reuters, 24-May-2019)
- Trump says US won't do business with Huawei (CNET, 9-Aug-2019)
Related Articles:
KEYS: Generational Dynamics, China, Chinese Communist Party, CCP,
Huawei Technologies, Peter Navarro, North Korea, Kim Jong-un,
Belt and Road Initiative, BRI,
Japan, Murata Manufacturing, Panasonic Corp.,
India, Pakistan, Kashmir, Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, Manchuria
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